<p>To find the acceleration of the astronaut and satellite, we can use Newton's second law, \( F = ma \), where \( F \) is the force applied, \( m \) is the mass, and \( a \) is the acceleration.</p> <p>For the astronaut:</p> <p>\[ a_{astronaut} = \frac{F}{m_{astronaut}} = \frac{30\,N}{60\,kg} \]</p> <p>\[ a_{astronaut} = 0.5\,ms^{-2} \]</p> <p>For the satellite:</p> <p>\[ a_{satellite} = \frac{F}{m_{satellite}} = \frac{30\,N}{300\,kg} \]</p> <p>\[ a_{satellite} = 0.1\,ms^{-2} \]</p> <p>Both the astronaut and the satellite will experience these accelerations in opposite directions due to Newton's third law of equal and opposite reaction.</p>
<p>Let F_{applied} be the applied force.</p> <p>Let F_{frictional} be the frictional force.</p> <p>Since F_{applied} = F_{frictional},</p> <p>There is no net force acting on the object (F_{net} = F_{applied} - F_{frictional} = 0 N),</p> <p>Thus, according to Newton's first law of motion, the object will remain at rest.</p>
The net force \( F_{net} \) on the object is given by the difference between the applied force \( F_{applied} \) and the frictional force \( F_{friction} \). Given: \( F_{applied} = 20 \, \text{N} \) \( F_{friction} = 20 \, \text{N} \) Calculating the net force: \( F_{net} = F_{applied} - F_{friction} \) \( F_{net} = 20 \, \text{N} - 20 \, \text{N} \) \( F_{net} = 0 \, \text{N} \) Since the net force on the object is zero, according to Newton's First Law, the object will remain at rest. Therefore, the state of motion of the object will be at rest.
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