To calculate the time for the ball to reach zero speed, we can use the following kinematic equation for uniformly accelerated motion:
\[ v_f = v_i + a \cdot t \]Where:
\( v_f \) is the final velocity (0 m/s when the ball reaches its maximum height and stops momentarily)
\( v_i \) is the initial velocity (4.5 m/s)
\( a \) is the acceleration (acceleration due to gravity; for a ball thrown upward this is -9.8 m/s\(^2\), since it acts downward)
\( t \) is the time in seconds
We can set \( v_f \) to 0 and solve for \( t \):
\[ 0 = 4.5 \text{ m/s} - (9.8 \text{ m/s}^2) \cdot t \] \[ 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2 \cdot t = 4.5 \text{ m/s} \] \[ t = \frac{4.5 \text{ m/s}}{9.8 \text{ m/s}^2} \] \[ t \approx 0.459 \text{ s} \]So, the ball will take approximately 0.459 seconds to reach zero speed.
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